The amygdala is full of hardwired archetypes (genetically programmed) that are evaluated at a subconscious level. These programmed features are things like snakes, spiders, features of your own species, faces, secondary sexual characteristics, and the like. This is fed from a tap on the feed to the visual system and is mostly a one-way feed into the hippocampus.
This is the source of much of the good/bad signals.
More on the amygdala processing here:
Some of the other good/bad features come from other limbic system nodes such as the hypothalamus.
I think that there may be a mechanism for adding new features to the amygdala based on the utility this function would add but I am unaware of any mechanism to do so.