Chollet suggests relating system priors to the human priors of “Core Knowledge”, i.e, what basically amounts to the Gestalt psychology-like principles generally captured by IQ tests. Around these principles, he has developed a machine-friendly IQ test, the Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus. Alongside the notion of priors he introduces some termninology such as skill-acquisition and curriculum and formally grounds this in algorithmic information theory in order to arrive at a (perhaps tentative) defintiion and measure of intelligence. This is all to serve as a guiding lantern, not a final word.
This paper is, if nothing else, a good survey on the history of artificial intelligence.