Need more reference understanding GPS encoders

I am trying to understand how GPS coordinates are encoded in the encoders. I looked up the video available on youtube by Chetan Surpur and the white paper but its kind of high level. I am trying to encode vehicle GPS locations and then inject spoofed coordinates, to test the performance of HTM based system.
Any recommendations on this would be highly appreciated.

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Have you seen my tutorial?

There is also this example.